Congratulations, Mrs. [Donzella] Washington. And thank you for opening your home to dozens of overlooked children over the years. The social work profession will benefit from your commitment.​

A comment on "80-Year-Old HBCU Graduate Proves That It's Never Too Late to Pursue an Education" (C. Thornton)

NOTE: Washington, 80, graduated Magna Cum Laude from Alabama A&M University.

Jubalyn ExWilliams lives in Pennsylvania (United States). You can find her writings and commentaries, including "80-Year-Old HBCU Graduate Proves That It's Never Too Late to Pursue an Education" by C. Thorton, at landturn.com/blog.

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It's intriguing when the wife of a prominent husband creates a legacy of her own. Wharton might be more the intrigue because of her influence in roles occupied then by White old money.

A comment on "This Black Woman Was a Corporate Board Activist -- 40 Years Ago!" (C. Clarke)

Jubalyn ExWilliams lives in Pennsylvania (United States). You can find her writings and commentaries "This Black Woman Was a Corporate Board Activist -- 40 Years Ago!" by C. Clarke, at landturn.com/blog.

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What will happen to the Nord Stream 2 project? The Green New Deal (Jeremy Rifkin) upholds the European Union as a leader in climate awareness and energy policy. Yet Nord Stream 2 is expected to be the next pipeline to supply the E.U. with natural gas from Russia. 
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The first Nord Stream pipeline was completed in full less than 10 years ago, before which the European Commission mandated its 20-20-20 targets. However, the book mentions nothing of the expansionist Gazprom or the twin pipeline.

A comment about my review of The Green New Deal (Jeremy Rifkin)

Jubalyn ExWilliams lives in Pennsylvania (United States). You can find her writings and commentaries, including "Nord Stream 2 overlooked by Rifkin in 'The Green New Deal,'" at landturn.com/blog.

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I like the HBCU Partners Act, the Parren Mitchell Minority Business Education and Empowerment Act and Booker's proposal for the 50-State Climate Moonshot Hubs. The Partners Act will foster institutional competitiveness. The Business Education and Empowerment Act can catalyze partnerships among entrepreneurs, students, and faculty. And the Moonshot Hubs will facilitate innovation and training for the green economy (technology for which China leads the world).​

A comment on "Senator Cory Booker Reveals $100B Plan to Invest in HBCUs" (C. Thornton)​

Jubalyn ExWilliams lives in Pennsylvania (United States). You can find her writings and commentaries, including the one on "Senator Cory Booker Reveals $100B Plan to Invest in HBCUs" by C. Thorton, at landturn.com/blog.

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Saudi Arabia is open for business. That was my impression of the Crown Prince's reforms on women's liberties and the political shakedown on ruling family members and peers in 2018.  

Oil reserves don't last forever; they're depletable. I used to say that Saudi Arabia's oil money (profits) won't last; that the kingdom will have to diversify its economy. 

Was Riyadh now appealing to the prospect of tourism and foreign direct investment?

It wasn't until I read The Green New Deal (Jeremy Rifkin) that I considered not only the supply side of oil. Rifkin talks about aggregated energy efficiency, or the energy bang for your buck). The increasing efficiency of renewable energy will place it in greater demand year after year.

Jubalyn ExWilliams lives in Pennsylvania (United States). You can find her writings and commentaries, including "Why I think Saudi Arabia is modernizing itself now," at landturn.com/blog.

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One news story that energized me this year concerned climate change. In March, Pakistan announced its goal to plant 10 billion trees within five years. 

That's ambitious, I thought. 

It was also impressive, because Australia had announced its plan to plant one billion trees over 30 years.

In regard to West Africa and the Gulf of Guinea, I'm wary that reforestation will become a concession by multinational oil and gas companies. That's to say, it'll be a public relations effort when climate change becomes popular discourse in the region. What it won't be is an acknowledgment of the fossil fuel industry's long-term viability.
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Nonetheless, the CEO of one multinational company has predicted the decline of global oil demand (Rifkin, Ch. 3). I informed a friend who works for the same company in West Africa, and I asked him, "Have you heard such conversations in your industry?" 

Jubalyn ExWilliams lives in Pennsylvania (United States). You can find her writings and commentaries, including "Why oil companies in Africa might concede to reforestation" by J. ExWilliams, at landturn.com/blog.

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Qatar came to mind when I read about natural gas. Remember when Sheikh Mohammed al-Thani, the foreign minister, announced it would boost liquefied natural gas (LNG) in the face of sanctions by Gulf Arab States + Egypt (2017)?

At USD $124,100 that year, Qatar has one of the highest GDP per capita in the world. That oil (gas) money won't last though. I used to say that about Saudi Arabia.
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Used to.
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Unless it diversifies its exports, Qatar's major markets will be developing nations without the economic agility (I think Rifkin used that term) to phase out fossil fuel and nuclear energy consumption.

Jubalyn ExWilliams lives in Pennsylvania (United States). Your writings and perspectives, including "Amid sanctions, Qatar's boost in oil production indicative of dependence on oil exports," at landturn.com/blog.

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Related: Why oil companies in Africa might concede to reforestation (2019)
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